The role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection

The role of serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as the first line for evaluating a patient with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) has been debunked.

We are living in the era of biomarkers for the diagnosis of PJI, and to that effect, several biomarkers have been introduced such as synovial fluid alpha defensin and leukocyte esterase.

The synovial fluid leukocyte esterase test has a low cost, is accessible, and has provided promising results for diagnosing PJI.

There is an urgent need for an accurate and reliable serum biomarker for diagnosing patients with PJI.