Surgical Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis Comparing the Midvastus and Subvastus to the Medial Peripatellar Approach

Subvastus, midvastus and medial parapatellar approaches are the most popular approaches in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the superior approach in TKA still remains controversial. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively compare the midvastus and subvastus approaches to the medial parapatellar approach in TKA. A total of 32 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 2451 TKAs in 2129 patients were included in this study. The meta-analysis suggested that, when compared with the medial parapatellar approach, the midvastus approach showed better outcomes in pain and knee range of motion at postoperative 1–2 weeks but also was associated with longer operative time; the subvastus approach showed better outcomes in knee range of motion at postoperative 1 week, straight leg raise and lateral retinacular release.