Iliacus Hematoma and Femoral Nerve Palsy After Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report

Femoral nerve palsy occurred in a 65-year-old man after he had undergone a revision total hip arthroplasty using cementless components. The magnetic resonance imaging scan showed a mass in the iliacus muscle. The mass showed increased signal intensity on T1-weighted and T2-weighted spin-echo images and contained linear septa and a nodule. The gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted image showed a rim of significant enhancement in the nodule. The findings of magnetic resonance images were suggestive of iliacus hematoma and of liposarcoma. The patient underwent surgery, and the mass was identified as an iliacus hematoma. The femoral nerve was stretched by the hematoma. After removal of the hematoma, the nerve palsy was improved completely. Iliacus hematoma may occur after total hip arthroplasty, even without anticoagulant therapy. The hematoma might appear to be a liposarcoma on magnetic resonance imaging scans.