Gap configuration and anteroposterior leg axis after sequential medial ligament release in rotating-platform total knee arthroplasty

Background Soft tissue management is a major issue in total knee replacement. There have been very few papers dealing with its effect on leg axis and tibiofemoral gap.

Methods In a cadaver specimen study, we analyzed this effect by performing a sequential medial soft tissue release after a mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty. Measurements were obtained using a CT-free navigation system (Ci navigation system).

Results We found the highest increase in leg axis and medial gap when releasing the anteromedial tibial sleeve of the capsule 6 cm below the joint line, in extension, and after dividing the medial collateral ligament, in flexion, when releasing the medial half of the posterior cruciate ligament. There were differences in amount of change between extension and flexion, especially when releasing the medial half of the posterior cruciate ligament. In extension, the lateral gap remained the same as in flexion.

Interpretation Implementation of computer-assisted surgery has allowed this first navigation-controlled study investigating the effect of soft tissue release in TKR with rotating platform. Each sequential release step has the desired effect on a.p. leg axis and tibiofemoral gaps. It is important that the differences between the effects in extension and flexion be noted.